八卦的順序是固定的嗎？

八卦本身是固定的八個符號，但排列方式不只一種。常見的有先天八卦與後天八卦，次序與方位不同，用途也不同。

巽卦代表風還是木？

兩者都是。〈說卦傳〉中巽為風，也為木；讀卦時依上下文取象。

八卦和六十四卦有什麼關係？

六十四卦由兩個八卦上下相疊而成，八乘八共六十四。下面三爻稱下卦，上面三爻稱上卦。

Is the order of the eight trigrams fixed?

The eight symbols are fixed, but there is more than one arrangement. The Earlier Heaven and Later Heaven arrangements are the most common, with different orders, directions and uses.

Does Xun mean wind or wood?

Both. The Shuogua gives Xun as wind and also as wood; which image applies depends on context.

How do the trigrams relate to the sixty-four hexagrams?

Each hexagram is two trigrams stacked, so eight times eight gives sixty-four. The bottom three lines form the lower trigram and the top three the upper trigram.

八卦是什麼？乾坤震巽坎離艮兌一次看懂

作者：Wei Chun Chuang・2026-10-15

八卦是易經最基本的符號系統。六十四卦全部由八卦兩兩相疊而成，所以看懂八卦，就等於拿到了讀易經的鑰匙。這篇一次整理八卦的符號、象徵與常見的記憶方法。

八卦是怎麼組成的？

每一卦由三條爻組成，由下往上疊。每一條爻不是陽爻「⚊」就是陰爻「⚋」，三條各有兩種可能，所以共有 2×2×2＝8 種組合，這就是八卦。三畫的卦又叫「經卦」或「單卦」，兩個經卦相疊才成為六畫的「重卦」。

八卦各代表什麼？

依〈說卦傳〉，每一卦都有代表的自然現象與特性：

乾 ☰：三爻皆陽，象天，特性是「健」，剛健不息。
坤 ☷：三爻皆陰，象地，特性是「順」，柔順承載。
震 ☳：一陽在下，象雷，特性是「動」。
巽 ☴：一陰在下，象風（也象木），特性是「入」。
坎 ☵：一陽在中，象水，特性是「陷」。
離 ☲：一陰在中，象火，特性是「麗」，也就是附著。
艮 ☶：一陽在上，象山，特性是「止」。
兌 ☱：一陰在上，象澤，特性是「說」，即喜悅。

八卦有什麼好記的口訣？

傳統口訣用卦形來記：「乾三連，坤六斷；震仰盂，艮覆碗；離中虛，坎中滿；兌上缺，巽下斷。」例如震卦下面一條實線、上面兩條斷線，像一個開口朝上的盂；艮卦正好倒過來，像倒扣的碗。邊念口訣邊畫卦，很快就能記住。

八卦和家庭成員有什麼關係？

〈說卦傳〉也把八卦比作一家人：乾為父、坤為母；震為長男、坎為中男、艮為少男；巽為長女、離為中女、兌為少女。觀察方式是看那一條「少數的爻」在哪裡：陽爻在最下面是長男（震），在中間是中男（坎），在最上面是少男（艮）；陰爻同理對應三個女兒。

先天八卦和後天八卦有什麼不同？

兩者是八卦的兩種排列方式。先天八卦（又稱伏羲八卦）的次序是乾一、兌二、離三、震四、巽五、坎六、艮七、坤八，排成圓形時乾南坤北，兩兩相對。後天八卦（又稱文王八卦）則是離南、坎北、震東、兌西，乾在西北、坤在西南、艮在東北、巽在東南。初學讀經文時，先熟悉八卦本身的象徵即可，兩種排列可以之後再深入。

學會八卦之後下一步是什麼？

練習把六十四卦拆成上下兩卦。例如上乾下坤是「天地否」，上坤下乾是「地天泰」。能隨手拆開任何一卦，就可以開始讀卦辭與爻辭了。

常見問題

八卦的順序是固定的嗎？: 八卦本身是固定的八個符號，但排列方式不只一種。常見的有先天八卦與後天八卦，次序與方位不同，用途也不同。
巽卦代表風還是木？: 兩者都是。〈說卦傳〉中巽為風，也為木；讀卦時依上下文取象。
八卦和六十四卦有什麼關係？: 六十四卦由兩個八卦上下相疊而成，八乘八共六十四。下面三爻稱下卦，上面三爻稱上卦。

想用 App 練習？

想把八卦練到熟，易見是一款從零學易經的 iPhone App：八堂互動入門課（前三堂免費）從陰陽、八卦一路帶到六十四卦，每卦都有圖解導讀與小測驗，並有複習排程和錯題本，幫你把卦象真正記住。App 裡的起卦是練習功能，用來反思，不替你下結論。

更多入門文章・英文版

What are the eight trigrams? Qian, Kun, Zhen, Xun, Kan, Li, Gen and Dui explained

作者：Wei Chun Chuang・2026-10-15

The eight trigrams are the most basic symbols of the I Ching. All sixty-four hexagrams are made by stacking two trigrams, so understanding the trigrams gives you the key to the whole book. This article covers their symbols, images and the usual ways to remember them.

How is a trigram built?

Each trigram has three lines, stacked from the bottom up. Every line is either yang "⚊" or yin "⚋", so there are 2×2×2 = 8 combinations: the eight trigrams. A three-line figure is called a single trigram; two stacked together form a six-line hexagram.

What does each trigram stand for?

According to the Shuogua (Discussion of the Trigrams), each has a natural image and a quality:

Qian ☰: three yang lines; heaven; strong and tireless.
Kun ☷: three yin lines; earth; yielding and receptive.
Zhen ☳: one yang line at the bottom; thunder; movement.
Xun ☴: one yin line at the bottom; wind (also wood); penetrating.
Kan ☵: one yang line in the middle; water; the abyss, sinking in.
Li ☲: one yin line in the middle; fire; clinging, brightness.
Gen ☶: one yang line at the top; mountain; stillness, stopping.
Dui ☱: one yin line at the top; lake; joy.

Is there an easy way to memorise them?

A traditional Chinese rhyme describes their shapes: Qian is three unbroken lines, Kun is broken into six; Zhen is a cup facing up, Gen a bowl turned over; Li is empty in the middle, Kan is full in the middle; Dui is broken at the top, Xun broken at the bottom. Zhen has one solid line below two broken ones, like an upturned cup; Gen is the reverse, like an upside-down bowl. Drawing each trigram while saying the rhyme makes them stick.

How do the trigrams relate to a family?

The Shuogua also describes the trigrams as a family: Qian is the father and Kun the mother; Zhen, Kan and Gen are the eldest, middle and youngest sons; Xun, Li and Dui are the eldest, middle and youngest daughters. Look at the single "odd one out" line: a yang line at the bottom is the eldest son (Zhen), in the middle the middle son (Kan), at the top the youngest son (Gen). Yin lines map to the three daughters the same way.

What is the difference between the Earlier Heaven and Later Heaven arrangements?

They are two ways of arranging the trigrams. The Earlier Heaven (Fuxi) sequence runs Qian 1, Dui 2, Li 3, Zhen 4, Xun 5, Kan 6, Gen 7, Kun 8; in a circle Qian sits south and Kun north, with each trigram facing its opposite. The Later Heaven (King Wen) arrangement places Li south, Kan north, Zhen east and Dui west, with Qian northwest, Kun southwest, Gen northeast and Xun southeast. For reading the classic, learn the trigrams' images first; the arrangements can wait.

What comes after learning the trigrams?

Practise splitting the sixty-four hexagrams into upper and lower trigrams. Heaven over earth is Obstruction (Pi); earth over heaven is Peace (Tai). Once you can take any hexagram apart at a glance, you are ready to read the judgments and line statements.

常見問題

Is the order of the eight trigrams fixed?: The eight symbols are fixed, but there is more than one arrangement. The Earlier Heaven and Later Heaven arrangements are the most common, with different orders, directions and uses.
Does Xun mean wind or wood?: Both. The Shuogua gives Xun as wind and also as wood; which image applies depends on context.
How do the trigrams relate to the sixty-four hexagrams?: Each hexagram is two trigrams stacked, so eight times eight gives sixty-four. The bottom three lines form the lower trigram and the top three the upper trigram.

Practise with an app

To drill the trigrams until they stick, YiJian is an iPhone course that teaches the I Ching from zero: eight interactive beginner lessons (the first three free) lead from yin and yang and the trigrams to the sixty-four hexagrams, each with an illustrated guide and quiz, plus spaced review and a mistakes notebook. Casting in the app is a practice feature for reflection; it does not hand you conclusions.

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